polyclonal anti-human il-15  (PeproTech)

Journal: Glycoconjugate journal

Article Title: Recombinant human heterodimeric IL-15 complex displays extensive and reproducible N - and O -linked glycosylation

doi: 10.1007/s10719-015-9627-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overview of the full length and mature amino acid sequences and numbering (subscript) and the identified N - and O -glycosylation sites (occupied sites in bold, red; unoccupied sites in bold, black) of human IL-15 and sIL-15Rα. The same amino acid sequences of IL-15 and sIL-15Rα were used for the two large-scale preparations of hetIL-15 ( i.e. the cGMP and EN lots)

Article Snippet: The identity of IL-15 and sIL-15Rα was confirmed by Western immunoblotting using anti-human IL-15 or anti-human IL-15Rα polyclonal goat IgG antibodies (product #AF315 and #AF247, respectively, R&D Systems).

Techniques:

Journal: Glycoconjugate journal

Article Title: Recombinant human heterodimeric IL-15 complex displays extensive and reproducible N - and O -linked glycosylation

doi: 10.1007/s10719-015-9627-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overview of the expression, cellular presentation, function and analysis of the soluble human hetIL-15 complex. a. Engineered human IL-15 and IL-15Rα were co-expressed and secreted by HEK293 cells as a soluble heterodimeric complex (hetIL-15) after proteolytic cleavage from the cell surface. The complex binds to the IL-2Rβ/γ receptor complex located on target cells, where it initiates a cellular response. b. The hetIL-15 complex was isolated and its purity monitored using reducing (upper) and native (lower) SDS-PAGE with Coomassie blue staining (left gels) and Western blotting using anti-IL-15 and anti-IL-15Rα antibodies (right gels). The two clinically relevant preparations of hetIL-15 (i.e. the EN and cGMP lots) are shown. c. IL-15 and sIL-15Rα were separated from their heterodimeric complex by non-reductive RP-HPLC and individually subjected to LC-MS/MS-based glycan (top), glycopeptide (bottom) and glycoprotein (right) profiling in order to characterize their N- and O-glycosylation in a detailed and site-specific manner

Article Snippet: The identity of IL-15 and sIL-15Rα was confirmed by Western immunoblotting using anti-human IL-15 or anti-human IL-15Rα polyclonal goat IgG antibodies (product #AF315 and #AF247, respectively, R&D Systems).

Techniques: Expressing, Isolation, SDS Page, Staining, Western Blot, Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy

Journal: Glycoconjugate journal

Article Title: Recombinant human heterodimeric IL-15 complex displays extensive and reproducible N - and O -linked glycosylation

doi: 10.1007/s10719-015-9627-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Glycome profiling demonstrates extensive and reproducible N-and O-glycosylation of IL-15 and sIL-15Rα in the large-scale preparations of hetIL-15 (cGMP and EN lots). N-glycans of IL-15 (a) and sIL-15Rα (b) were structurally characterized and quantitatively profiled using PGC-LC-ESI-negative ion-CID-MS/MS. c. Several isobaric N-glycan isomers were identified as exemplified by the extracted ion chromatogram (EIC) of the abundant Man3GlcNAc5Fuc1 composition (m/z 832.9 [M – 2 H]2−, upper panel) and the corresponding CID-MS/MS (bottom panel, see Fig. 3 for key to monosaccharide symbols) demonstrating three isobaric GlcNAc-terminating N-glycan isomers i.e. N-glycan structure 5a (shown), 5b and 5c (fragment spectra for the two latter N-glycans are presented in Supplementary Fig. S1). ‘*’ represents a non-glycan signal interference. d. The O-glycome profiling of sIL-15Rα showed less micro-heterogeneity. *Structure 2a/2b could not be consistently separated and were thus combined for quantitation purposes. No O-glycosylation was detected for IL-15 (data not shown). The N- and O-glycosylation profiles of IL-15 and sIL-15Rα of the EN (red bars) and cGMP (blue bars) lots of hetIL-15 were similar as evaluated by their high correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.815–0.982). The relative glycan quantities are averages of technical duplicates (see Supplementary Table S1 and S2 for exact values). The corresponding N- and O-glycan structures and their biosynthetic relationship are depicted in Fig. 3

Article Snippet: The identity of IL-15 and sIL-15Rα was confirmed by Western immunoblotting using anti-human IL-15 or anti-human IL-15Rα polyclonal goat IgG antibodies (product #AF315 and #AF247, respectively, R&D Systems).

Techniques: Tandem Mass Spectroscopy, Quantitation Assay

Journal: Glycoconjugate journal

Article Title: Recombinant human heterodimeric IL-15 complex displays extensive and reproducible N - and O -linked glycosylation

doi: 10.1007/s10719-015-9627-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Structures and biosynthetic relationship of the observed IL-15 and sIL-15Rα N- and O-glycans. The designated numbers of the individual N-linked (left) and O-linked (right) glycans correspond to the numbering used in Fig. 2, Fig. 5 and Supplementary Tables S1–S2. Their biosynthetic interconnectivity is presented with arrows symbolizing single glycosylation enzyme reactions. The most abundant N- and O-glycans are shaded in dark grey. Monosaccharide symbols are presented according to the Essentials of Glycobiology/Consortium for Functional Glycomics nomenclature. Key: fucose (red triangle), mannose (green circle), GlcNAc (blue square), sialic acid (NeuAc) (purple diamond), galactose (yellow circle) and HexNAc (unspecified GlcNAc or GalNAc) (open square)

Article Snippet: The identity of IL-15 and sIL-15Rα was confirmed by Western immunoblotting using anti-human IL-15 or anti-human IL-15Rα polyclonal goat IgG antibodies (product #AF315 and #AF247, respectively, R&D Systems).

Techniques: Functional Assay

Journal: Glycoconjugate journal

Article Title: Recombinant human heterodimeric IL-15 complex displays extensive and reproducible N - and O -linked glycosylation

doi: 10.1007/s10719-015-9627-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Site-specific O-glycoprofiling of sIL-15Rα of clinical-grade hetIL-15 (cGMP lot) using RP (C18)-LC-ESI-positive ion-CID/ETD-MS/MS. a. The MS1 level profile (right) indicated multiple Thr81- and Thr86 - glycoforms on the tryptic O - glycopeptide R - ] 74 PA P PAPPSTVTTAGVTPQPESLSPSGK97[−E. ETD and CID fragmentation (left spectra) confirmed the O-glycosylation sites and the structure of the two conjugated core 1-type O-glycansans (HexHexNAcNeuAc, corresponding to structure 2b, Fig. 3), m/z 905.4 (4+). Additional examples of ETD-MS/MS fragment spectra of two other sIL-15Rα tryptic O-glycopeptides i. e. b. The N-terminal-1ITCPPPMSVEHADIWVK17-[S peptide conjugated with a single HexNAc (corresponding to structure i, Fig. 3) m/z 728.9 (3+) and c. the C-terminal peptide K-]152NWELTASASHQPPGVYPQG170[−conjugated with two core 1-type O-sialoglycans (HexHexNAcNeuAc, corresponding to structure 2a or 2b, latter shown) and one core 1-type O-asialoglycan (HexHexNAc, structure ii, Fig. 3) m/z 930.8 (4+). Key fragment ions for exact site localization are presented in red. See Fig. 3 for monosaccharide key

Article Snippet: The identity of IL-15 and sIL-15Rα was confirmed by Western immunoblotting using anti-human IL-15 or anti-human IL-15Rα polyclonal goat IgG antibodies (product #AF315 and #AF247, respectively, R&D Systems).

Techniques: Tandem Mass Spectroscopy

Journal: Glycoconjugate journal

Article Title: Recombinant human heterodimeric IL-15 complex displays extensive and reproducible N - and O -linked glycosylation

doi: 10.1007/s10719-015-9627-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overview of the identified sIL-15Rα tryptic O -glycopeptides. The modified amino acid residues are underlined where known or listed as ND where unknown. The theoretical glycopeptide masses are based on carbamidomethylated cysteine residues. For peptides where the non-glycosylated variants were observed, the non-enriched LC-MS/MS data were used to establish the relative site-occupancy; otherwise glycopeptide-enriched LC-MS/MS data were used to establish the relative glycoform distribution. See for examples of assigned ETD/CID-MS/MS O -glycopeptide spectra

Article Snippet: The identity of IL-15 and sIL-15Rα was confirmed by Western immunoblotting using anti-human IL-15 or anti-human IL-15Rα polyclonal goat IgG antibodies (product #AF315 and #AF247, respectively, R&D Systems).

Techniques: Modification, Tandem Mass Spectroscopy

Journal: Glycoconjugate journal

Article Title: Recombinant human heterodimeric IL-15 complex displays extensive and reproducible N - and O -linked glycosylation

doi: 10.1007/s10719-015-9627-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Spatial map of the N- and O-glycosylation sites of hetIL-15 in its quaternary complex with IL-2Rβ and IL-2Rγ. The three putative N-glycosylation sites of IL-15 (green) are shown in blue. Only Asn79 was found to be occupied; Asn71 and Asn112 found on the interface to IL-2Rβ (cyan) and IL-2Rγ (magenta), respectively, were not utilized as N-glycosylation sites when expressed in HEK293. The available crystal structure (PDB: 4GS7) covered only the lightly O-glycosylated N-terminal region of the sIL-15Rα polypeptide chain (yellow) [34]. The occupied O-glycosylation site at Thr2 covered by this region is shown in orange. See also Fig. 1a. for schematic illustration of the quaternary complex

Article Snippet: The identity of IL-15 and sIL-15Rα was confirmed by Western immunoblotting using anti-human IL-15 or anti-human IL-15Rα polyclonal goat IgG antibodies (product #AF315 and #AF247, respectively, R&D Systems).

Techniques:

Journal: Oncoimmunology

Article Title: A novel multimeric IL15/IL15Rα-Fc complex to enhance cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2021.1893500

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro characterization of IL15/IL15Rα-Fc complexes . (a) Schematic diagrams of all four IL15/IL15Rα-Fc complexes in theoretical dimeric Fc fusion formats. (b) All four complexes were shown on reduced SDS-PAGE, before and after deglycosylation treatment, using Invitrogen SeeBlue Plus2 Pre-Stained Standard as the protein molecular weight (MW) marker. (c) WT-FL complex on SDS-PAGE under reduced and non-reduced conditions, using Life Technologies BenchMark Unstained Protein Ladder as the protein MW marker (the size of selected bands was shown), with IL15Rα-Fc and IL15 bands were marked with arrows. (d) SE-HPLC chromatography using G4000SW column. Major peak of WT-FL (19.0 minutes) corresponding to MW around 600 kDa, and SU complexes (22.3 minutes) corresponding to around 120 kDa, and salt buffer peak (26.5 minutes). (e) SE-HPLC results of the 6 standard MW marker (Sigma Gel Filtration Markers Kit) mixed together. Each MW marker was also run separately to confirm the position, except for the 150 and 66 kDa markers which did not separate in the mixture. (f) The fitted curve for WT-FL complex MW calculation. The size of 600 kDa of the WT-FL complex was calculated based on the fitted curve derived from the top three high MW standard markers that was run separately. (g) Schematic diagram of WT-FL complex in hexameric format, and accelerated stability test of WT-FL at 37°C over 4 weeks; monomer % represents the percentage of monomers in HPLC profile for each time point, based on AUC analysis excluding buffer peak. (h) In vitro cell proliferation assays using mouse lymphoblast cell line CTLL-2. Mean + SD (n = 3). * p < .0001 when FL-complexes treatment groups were compared with SU-complexes treatment groups at indicated concentration, respectively

Article Snippet: IL15/IL15Rα-Fc titer was determined by ELISA, where plates were coated with anti-human IL15 polyclonal goat IgG (R&D Systems) to capture the complex, and then detected with secondary goat anti-human IgG (Fc specific) (Southern Biotech).

Techniques: In Vitro, SDS Page, Staining, Molecular Weight, Marker, Chromatography, Filtration, Derivative Assay, Concentration Assay

Journal: Oncoimmunology

Article Title: A novel multimeric IL15/IL15Rα-Fc complex to enhance cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2021.1893500

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro binding of hu3F8 and hu3F8-BsAb to IL15-stimulated lymphocyte subsets . (a) Representative immunophenotypic appearance of normal PBMC-derived CD3 + CD56 − T cells and CD3 − CD56 + NK cells (left panel). Representative flow cytometric appearance of PBMC and M14 tumor cells mixed together at 1:1 ratio (middle panel). Binding of hu3F8 and hu3F8-BsAb to M14 tumor cells (right two panels). (b) Expression of CD16 (FcγRIII) on T cells and NK cells. (c) Binding of hu3F8 IgG1 via FcγRIII to CD16-expressing NK cells but not T cells. (d) Binding of hu3F8-BsAb via CD3 to CD3-expressing T cells but not NK cells. PBMCs were cultured in complete RPMI medium either without (Medium) or with 1 nM WT-FL complex for 72 hrs before FACS analysis. Numbers in right upper corner of each histogram box represent MFI ratios calculated as geo-MFI of antigen-specific staining (red-line histogram) divided by geo-MFI of isotype-control IgG staining (black filled peak)

Article Snippet: IL15/IL15Rα-Fc titer was determined by ELISA, where plates were coated with anti-human IL15 polyclonal goat IgG (R&D Systems) to capture the complex, and then detected with secondary goat anti-human IgG (Fc specific) (Southern Biotech).

Techniques: In Vitro, Binding Assay, Derivative Assay, Expressing, Cell Culture, Staining

Journal: Oncoimmunology

Article Title: A novel multimeric IL15/IL15Rα-Fc complex to enhance cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2021.1893500

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro cytotoxicity by IL15-stimulated PBMCs . PBMCs from one healthy donor was cultured in vitro in medium either without (Medium) or with soluble IL15 or different IL15/IL15Rα complexes. After 72 hrs of culture, the PBMCs were harvested, re-adjusted in numbers and tested in an in vitro cytotoxicity ( 51 Cr-release) assay against M14 human melanoma cells either in the absence or presence of different antibodies. Results are presented as percentage of tumor cell lysis (Mean + SEM, n = 3). * p < .01 when WT-complexes treatment groups were compared with MUT-complexes treatment groups at indicated concentration or E:T ratio, respectively. (a) Antibody-independent cytotoxicity titrated by IL15 concentrations. E:T ratio at 10:1. (b) Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity titrated by hu3F8 (middle panel) or hu3F8-BsAb (right panel). IL15 complexes concentration at 0.001 nM, and E:T ratio at 10:1. (c) Cytotoxicity titrated by E:T ratios. IL15 complexes concentration at 1 nM, and antibodies concentration at 0.01 ug/mL

Article Snippet: IL15/IL15Rα-Fc titer was determined by ELISA, where plates were coated with anti-human IL15 polyclonal goat IgG (R&D Systems) to capture the complex, and then detected with secondary goat anti-human IgG (Fc specific) (Southern Biotech).

Techniques: In Vitro, Cell Culture, Release Assay, Lysis, Concentration Assay

Journal: Oncoimmunology

Article Title: A novel multimeric IL15/IL15Rα-Fc complex to enhance cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2021.1893500

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro immunophenotype of IL15-stimulated PBMCs . PBMCs from healthy donors (n = 5) were cultured in vitro in medium either without (Medium) or with 1 nM WT-FL or MUT-FL complex. At 24, 72 and 168 hr cells were tested by flow cytometry for expression of different surface markers. Analysis is based on gating on T cells (CD3 + CD56 − lymphocytes) or NK cells (CD3 − CD56 + lymphocytes). Results are presented as geo-MFI ratio of the marker of interest, individual for each donor. Lines represent Mean (n = 5) of those 5 individual values. * p < .01 when WT-FL treatment groups were compared with MUT-FL treatment groups at indicated time point, respectively. (a) Surface expression of FasL. (b) Surface expression of TRAIL. (c) Surface expression of CD16 and NKp46. (d) Surface expression of NKG2D. (e) Intracellular co-expression of Perforin and Granzyme-B. PBMCs from one healthy donor was used in this case. Results are presented as geo-MFI ratio of the marker of interest, at each time point of testing. To enable Perforin and Granzyme-B retention, Brefeldin-A was added to cultures for the last 6 hr of each time point. Representative FACS dot-plots at 72 hr time point were shown in (f)

Article Snippet: IL15/IL15Rα-Fc titer was determined by ELISA, where plates were coated with anti-human IL15 polyclonal goat IgG (R&D Systems) to capture the complex, and then detected with secondary goat anti-human IgG (Fc specific) (Southern Biotech).

Techniques: In Vitro, Cell Culture, Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Marker

Journal: Oncoimmunology

Article Title: A novel multimeric IL15/IL15Rα-Fc complex to enhance cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2021.1893500

Figure Lengend Snippet: WT-FL IL15 complex promotes in vivo lymphocyte expansion and improves serum half-life in mice . (a) Lymphocyte expansion in healthy C57BL/6 mice. Absolute cell counts were calculated by multiplying the white blood cell count from CBC and percentage of positive cells from FACS. Mean ± SEM (n = 5). * p < .001 when WT-FL treatment group was compared with either no treatment (PBS) group or MUT-SU treatment group, respectively; ns, p > .05 when WT-FL treatment group was compared with MUT-SU treatment group. (b) Pharmacokinetics of IL15 complexes. Quantitation of serum IL15 complexes was carried out by ELISA, and the data were depicted using GraphPad Prism software. Mean + SD (n = 5). Pharmacokinetic analysis was carried out by non-compartmental analysis of the serum concentration-time data using WinNonlin software program, and presented in the

Article Snippet: IL15/IL15Rα-Fc titer was determined by ELISA, where plates were coated with anti-human IL15 polyclonal goat IgG (R&D Systems) to capture the complex, and then detected with secondary goat anti-human IgG (Fc specific) (Southern Biotech).

Techniques: In Vivo, Cell Counting, Quantitation Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Software, Concentration Assay

Journal: Oncoimmunology

Article Title: A novel multimeric IL15/IL15Rα-Fc complex to enhance cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2021.1893500

Figure Lengend Snippet: WT-FL IL15 complex improves serum half-life in mice

Article Snippet: IL15/IL15Rα-Fc titer was determined by ELISA, where plates were coated with anti-human IL15 polyclonal goat IgG (R&D Systems) to capture the complex, and then detected with secondary goat anti-human IgG (Fc specific) (Southern Biotech).

Techniques:

Journal: Oncoimmunology

Article Title: A novel multimeric IL15/IL15Rα-Fc complex to enhance cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2021.1893500

Figure Lengend Snippet: WT-FL IL15 complex potentiates anti-tumor effects of antibody immunotherapy against tumor cell line xenografts . Treatment schedules were marked on the figures, and doses of IL15 complexes, antibodies and effector cells were detailed in the Results. Data shown as mean + SEM (n = 5); (a-b) iv tumor plus iv effector cells model : Bioluminescence changes of IMR32 neuroblastoma during treatment (a) and representative images at day 25 (b). * p < .05 when FL-complexes treatment groups were compared with all other four groups at indicated time point, respectively. (c) sc tumor plus sc effector cells (1:1 mixing) model : tumor volume changes of IMR32 neuroblastoma. * p < .05 when FL-complexes treatment groups were compared with No treatment group at indicated time point, respectively; ns, p > .05 when SU-complexes treatment groups were compared with No treatment group at indicated time point, respectively. (d) sc tumor plus iv effector cells model : % tumor growth (calculated as tumor volume at indicated time point divided by tumor volume at Day 8 before the treatment start) of M14 melanoma. * p < .0001 when FL-complexes treatment groups were compared with all other four groups at indicated time point, respectively. (e ) C57BL/6 mice grafted with sc GD2(+) murine melanoma cells : tumor volume changes of B78/D14 melanoma. * p < .0001 when FL-complexes treatment groups were compared with SU-complexes treatment groups at indicated time point, respectively

Article Snippet: IL15/IL15Rα-Fc titer was determined by ELISA, where plates were coated with anti-human IL15 polyclonal goat IgG (R&D Systems) to capture the complex, and then detected with secondary goat anti-human IgG (Fc specific) (Southern Biotech).

Techniques: